• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for supporting a chamber comprising a base with a ball joint which ensures the attachment of the camera in different angles, a handle and an elongated support that extends between the handle and the base with ball joint, so that when gripping the handle with the hand, the camera is placed at a greater distance than the user's arms would allow, to capture a photograph or video; which is characterized in that each of the parts of the support and the handle are covered with a material of uniform reflectivity and color. In addition, a method is proposed to make this type of camera support invisible in photographs, since it allows to distinguish the area it occupies in the image for its subsequent elimination by techniques of color thresholding and image restoration. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2551390A1
    申请号:ES201531039
    申请日:2015-07-15
    公开日:2015-11-18
    发明作者:David MIRAUT ANDRES
    申请人:Universidad Rey Juan Carlos；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION Invisible Monopod SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE
    The present invention falls within the technical area of the supports for digital cameras and their methods of use. Specifically, the one that concerns the monopods that are used to make self-photographs. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The selfie monopod (also popularly known as selfie stick), is a device used to hold an image acquisition device. Unlike tripods, the selfie monopod does not rest on the ground, but is held by the user's hand. 10 Due to its length, the monopod allows the user to frame and focus with a digital camera or mobile phone at a distance greater than the normal arm limits.
    The monopod is usually built with light metals, to provide it with robustness. They are usually extensible for easy transport, and they are usually marketed with a strap on one end of the wrist of the hand with which the monopod is attached, and an adjustable kneecap that keeps the image capture device fixed in the other extreme Some models have remote controls or Bluetooth, allowing the user to decide when to take the picture; and even models have been devised for digital cameras that have a mirror behind the viewing screen to facilitate framing.
    The first handheld monopod on record was designed and used in 1925 by 20 Arnold Hogg. Since then numerous variants have been presented.
    In 1954, Luther W. Minnis filed US patent application US 2703691, which describes an extensible camera mount that allowed the camera to be released comfortably, after use.
    The Minolta Disc-7 camera, marketed in 1983, had a convex mirror on its front part 25 to allow the composition of self-portraits, and its packaging showed the camera mounted on a stick, while used for that purpose.
    In 1983, Hiroshi Ueda and Yujiro Mima filed US patent application US 4530580, which also refers to a telescopic rod that extends the length of the arm to which a user can take a selfie, without having to use a tripod 30 Traditional leaning on the floor.
    In 1988, Donald N. Horn and Bern Levy filed the patent application US 5065249, entitled "Portable video camera / monitor support", somewhat more sophisticated, since the extender rod has a monitor on which the scene can be observed to be portrayed while recording video or photography. 35
    In 2005, Wayne G. Fromm filed the patent application US 7684694, entitled "Apparatus for supporting a camera and method for using the apparatus" in which a device with similar characteristics to the above is protected, which includes a mirror to facilitate The framing. It is also the case of other subsequent patents, such as the one requested by Michael Daoud and John R. Stump in 2006, entitled "Retractable camera arm", in which - among other 40 features - the method for remotely initiating the shot is improved.
    The enormous popularity of this type of devices, favored by the evolution in performance of digital cameras and mobile phones, has made this product included in the list that includes the 25 best inventions of 2014 published by Time magazine.
    However, all these selfie monopods suffer from the same problem.
    Often, the monopod is partially visible within the frame of the self-portrait. Since it is an auxiliary element that helps to make the photograph, many users discard the photographs in which it appears, since they are not interested in appearing in the composition. This situation is especially common when the camera is positioned so that its optical axis has a direction similar to that of the monopod stand, that is, when the angle between the camera and the stand is small because it is desired to move as far as possible. User camera to enlarge the frame.
    Thus, users are forced to separate and tilt the arm of the body to ensure that the extensible support of the monopod does not appear in the photograph, which results in a posture 10 in the self-portrait that is not natural and prevents the maximization of the camera distance from the user.
    It would therefore be desirable for the monopod to fulfill its function without taking center stage in the photographs.
    The applicant of the present invention is unaware of the existence of a background that satisfactorily solves the problem presented.
    The present invention offers a practical solution that allows to detect and distinguish the portion of the image in which the support of a monopod appears, so that it can later be removed by digital image restoration techniques (inpainting in English). EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION 20
    Telescopic monopods have a longitudinally extensible geometry, so that they lengthen in a single dimension. This type of geometry lowers the manufacturing of the pieces, keeps the elongated shape with a very basic assembly even when it is only partially deployed, supports the weight of the camera on each of the sections in a robust way, and allows the deployment with a just movement. 25
    However, this elongated geometry in a single dimension has the disadvantage that the monopod is partially visible within the frame of the self-portrait on numerous occasions. The only way to prevent the monopod from appearing in the photograph is to restrict the placement of the camera so that the angle between its optical axis and the monopod is greater than half the angle formed by the limits of the field of vision of the camera. chamber 30 (whose acronym in English is FOV).
    This situation is especially inconvenient when you have a wide-angle lens, since it forces the user to adopt a very forced posture with the arm and the monopod, so that the latter does not appear in the selfie. Which causes the camera to be too close to the user (and its possible companions in the photo). 35
    Instead of adopting an awkward posture, the present invention proposes to perform the selfie from a more natural position and subsequently eliminate the presence of the monopod in photography by digital image processing techniques (such as techniques protected by US patents US 6987520 , US 7551181, US 7755645 and US 7840086). 40
    Image reconstruction algorithms for the removal of objects (in English inpainting) require that previously distinguish those parts of the image must be removed. Its automatic determination is still an open field in research, since, in general, the objects to be eliminated depend on the preferences of the user and the context offered by the composition in the photograph. However, in the case of self-photographs taken 45 with a monopod, the object to be removed is usually the partially left camera support
    visible. Our invention facilitates that an automated image processing system can differentiate between the monopod and the rest of the scene in the captured image, by means of a simple color thresholding, so that it can be segmented and eliminated by inpainting techniques.
    For this, it is proposed that the monopod be covered with a material with a uniform reflectivity 5, of a uniform and characteristic color, unlike the metallic finish that the monopods marketed so far usually present. A material with uniform reflectivity causes the incident light on the surface to be reflected in all angles equally (so that materials that have this type of interaction with light are usually known as lambertians), which prevents reflections from occurring or shine on its surface. 10
    As in any material, on the surface of the monopod there is a slight variation in the irradiance (flow of light energy per unit area), due to the angle of incidence of the light and the curvature of its surface, which results in a shadow on the surface of the monopod stand. For the thresholding process to identify the area of the image corresponding to the monopod by selecting a set of colors close to the chosen one, it is convenient that the segmentation be done in terms of the chromaticity of said color in colorimetric spaces such as CIE 1976 L * a * b or the CIE 1976 L * u * v, in which the intensity of the light is specified with an independent component (which can be ignored to increase the robustness against the smooth variation of irradiance). This strategy is similar to the one applied in the choma-key in the audiovisual industry. twenty
    If any element of the scene has the same color as the monopod stand, both would be removed from the image. This unwanted effect is the main limitation of thresholding and segmentation by color. Therefore, although it would be feasible to cover the monopod of any uniform matte color, it is preferable that the color is difficult to find in the scenarios where self-photographs are to be made. 25
    Since, regardless of race, the color of human skin pigmentation is eminently red, it is preferable that the material that covers the monopod support has a uniform color as far as possible from red in the aforementioned colorimetric spaces. Such as certain shades of green or blue that are not usually found in natural or urban environments. An example of this type of colors is the light green 30 that is formed by taking only the green channel and a high level of luminosity in the RGB colorimetric space with normalized coordinates [0,1,0], which stands out for "artificiality" by not Be common in metered environments.
    A heuristic technique that allows reducing the elimination of elements other than the monopod, but that share a color similar to this, consists in considering two types of areas that fulfill the condition of similarity of color: those that are in contact with the edge of the image, and those that spatially are very close to the first (for example, those areas that meet the condition of similarity of color and are at a distance of Hausdorff less than ⁄ of an area selected for being in contact with the edge of the image, where it corresponds to the diagonal length of the image). This simple rule 40 is based on two premises. On the one hand, the monopod always looks out from one side of the photograph. On the other hand, when considering areas that have a similar color and proximity to areas that apparently exceed the edge of the image, the robustness against occlusions is improved, since the monopod may be partially covered by other elements of the scene. For example, the fingers of the hand when holding the handle can cover the monopod so that the space it occupies in the image is subdivided into several unconnected areas or areas if only the criteria of proximity of color and continuity are taken into account of each area.
    Thus, a monopod whose pieces are covered by a lambertian material of uniform color can be used for the proposed purpose, in combination with a digital image capture device in which the method comprising the following steps is carried out:
    - Image capture with a digital camera
    - The generation of masks as a result of the process of thresholding the image 5 with respect to the uniform color of the material that covers monopod, in which those pixels whose color coincides or has a small variance in chrominance with respect to the chosen color are individually marked.
    - The grouping and labeling of the pixels marked in contiguous regions, for easier identification. 10
    - The search for the labeled regions of the mask in the upper, lower, right and left limits of the image, in which at least one of the regions will correspond to a piece of the monopod stand that appears in the photograph.
    - The selection of labeled regions located on the edges of the image.
    - The selection of the regions labeled that are found spatially in the proximity of those also selected in the previous step, since they can potentially be regions corresponding to other pieces of the monopod in the image. They can be considered close if the distance of Hausdorff is less than a certain threshold (as in the example described above in which the threshold corresponds to ⁄, where is the length of the diagonal of the image). twenty
    - The application of an image restoration algorithm for the removal of objects (inpainting) on the selected portions of the mask through the labeled regions, so that the portions of selected masks are filled with information from the rest of the image ( or other images). At the end of the stages, the monopod will not appear in the resulting image. Since in its place 25 a set of patterns will be drawn that replace it visually. The better the image restoration algorithm chosen, the more realistic the result of such substitution, which makes the monopod disappear.  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where it is shown as an illustrative and non-limiting nature. the next:
    Figure 1.- Shows a side view of an extended standard monopod (1), which is held by the handle (6) with one hand. At the opposite end, a digital camera (2) 35 has been mounted on a ball joint (5) that allows it to modify its angle of inclination. The figure shows that the optical axis (3) is almost parallel to the monopod (1) and, therefore, the monopod appears partially in the field of vision (4).
    Figure 2.- Shows an artistic representation of a photograph taken with a monopod covered with a lambertian material of uniform color. From the perspective of the camera 40 located at the end of the monopod in the situation described in the previous figure, it can be seen how a portion of the monopod (1) is visible in the photograph.
    Figure 3.- Shows the regions or areas (7,8) obtained by the color thresholding of the previous image. Said masks (7,8) can be used to indicate the area to be restored by inpainting techniques, so that the monopod is removed from the image.
    Figure 4.- Shows an artistic representation of the result of applying the proposed method to a photograph taken with a monopod covered by a lambertian material of uniform color. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    A schematic representation of a particular embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 1, in which all the parts that make up the telescopic monopod have been manufactured so that its outer surface is covered with a reflective material and uniform color.
    In this example, we chose to use a light green matte paint (due to the limitations of color reproduction in the figures, it is shown in a gray tone). On the one hand this color has been chosen because it is markedly different from the tone of human skin, and on the other hand because it is less common than blue in urban environments (the sky usually has 15 bluish tones and blue clothes, such as jeans, it is widely used in the West). In addition, digital camera sensors tend to be more sensitive to green, because the Bayer pattern that filters have on their surface dedicates more sensors to the green channel (mimicking the greater sensitivity of the human visual system to this frequency range in the visible spectrum), so less light is needed to illuminate the greenish colors. twenty
    The automated system would consist of a monopod (1) whose outer surface is covered with a material of reflectivity and uniform color, in this case light green. With a kneecap that allows you to hold and orient a digital image acquisition device that in turn would be composed of:
    - an optical sensor in the visible range, together with the set of lenses needed to focus the image
    - a data processing unit (typically a digital processor)
    - one or more memories
    - a communication unit
    These last three act in a coordinated way (by means of a program that encodes the steps) 30 on the sensor to register and store the photograph at the moment indicated by the user, and then apply the method described above.
    In this particular embodiment, the color thresholding that selects the pixels that potentially correspond to the areas occupied by the monopod considers as candidates those with a chrominance variance of less than 2% with respect to the chosen color. In the example of the representation of a photograph of Figure 2, both the handle (6) and the extensible support of the monopod (1) would be detected and labeled as two regions of the mask. The way in which you attach the monopod to the image acquisition device, when it appears it always does so by the edge of the image. The method first looks for those regions of the mask, therefore, the one located in the lower zone (7) would initially be selected.
    In this example, the distance from Hausdorff for the selection of the regions labeled inside the image is one tenth of the diagonal length of the image. By applying this method step, the region of the mask corresponding to the monopod (8) that has remained
    separated from the lower one (7) would also be selected for the treatment with the inpainting algorithm, as can be seen in figure 3.
    Finally, the image restoration algorithm applied is that published in the article "Object Removal by Exemplar-Based Inpainting" by A. Criminisi, P. Perez and K. Toyama. Algorithm that has been mentioned above, since it is protected by US Patent No. 6987520 under the title "Image region filling by exemplar-based inpainting". Figure 4 depicts the image that would be obtained as a result of the application of the method by means of the automated system proposed in this invention with the invisible monopod.
    Once the nature of the present invention has been sufficiently described, as well as an example of a preferred embodiment, it only remains to be added that said invention may undergo certain variations in applicable form, materials, parameters and image restoration algorithms, as long as said alterations are not vary substantially the characteristics claimed below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. Monopod to support an image acquisition device comprising:
    - a swivel base (5) that ensures the attachment of the image acquisition device (2) at different angles;
    - a handle (6); and 5
    - an elongated support (1) extending between the handle (6) and the swivel base (5), so that when the handle is grasped (6) by hand, the chamber (2) is placed at a greater distance from which the user's arms would allow, to capture photography or video;
    characterized in that each of the pieces of the support (1) and the handle (6) are covered with a uniform reflectivity and color material.
    [2]
    2. Method for removing a monopod from an image, in which each of the pieces of the support (1) and the handle (6) of the monopod are covered with a uniform reflectivity and color material, characterized in that the method comprises The following steps: 15
    to. image capture with a digital camera (2);
    b. the generation of masks due to the thresholding of the image with respect to the uniform color of the material that covers monopod, in which those pixels whose color has a chrominance variance of less than 2% with respect to the chosen color are individually marked; twenty
    C. the grouping and labeling of the pixels marked in adjacent regions;
    d. the search for the labeled regions of the mask in the upper, lower, right and left limits of the image;
    and. the selection of the mask portions located at the edges of the image (7);
    F. the selection of the mask portions that are at a distance of 25 Hausdorff less than one tenth of the length of the diagonal of the image with respect to these (8); Y
    g. the application of an inpainting algorithm on the selected portions of the mask.
    [3]
    3. Method for removing a monopod from an image according to claim 2, characterized in that the determination of the mask by color thresholding is done in the CIE 1976 colorimetric space L * a * b or the L * u * v .
    [4]
    4. Digital image acquisition device in which objects are removed at the edge of the image using a color similarity criterion, characterized by comprising:
    - an image capture system (2); 35
    - a processor;
    - one or more memories in communication with the processor and the image acquisition system, which store an application executable by the processor; wherein the application can, in execution, perform the method according to claims 2 and 3.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4530580A|1983-01-18|1985-07-23|Hiroshi Ueda|Telescopic extender for supporting compact camera|
    US6007259A|1991-05-15|1999-12-28|Sony Corporation|Tripods for supporting a video camera|
    US20070053680A1|2005-05-10|2007-03-08|Fromm Wayne G|Apparatus for supporting a camera and method for using the apparatus|
    US20090003822A1|2007-06-27|2009-01-01|Frank Tyner|Hand-held photographic support system|WO2018072087A1|2016-10-18|2018-04-26|华为技术有限公司|Method for realizing effect of photo being taken by others through selfie, and photographing device|
    法律状态:
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